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Interpreting visual fields

Patterns of loss and how they localize along the visual pathway.

Learning objectives

  • Read a Humphrey field printout confidently.
  • Map field defects to their anatomical location.
  • Separate glaucomatous from neurological patterns.

1. Reliability

Check fixation losses and false positives/negatives before interpreting anything.

2. Respect the vertical and horizontal

Defects respecting the vertical midline are chiasmal/retrochiasmal; those respecting the horizontal are typically glaucomatous or vascular.

3. Congruity

Homonymous defects that are more congruous localize more posteriorly in the visual pathway.

4. Correlate

Match the field to the disc and OCT — the three should tell one story.

Pearls

  • A bitemporal defect points to the chiasm; image the sella.
  • An arcuate defect with a nasal step is the classic glaucomatous pattern.